Alec’s fellowship project has two key stands: 1. Finding ways to assess different forms of evidence (e.g., the scientific literature and indigenous and local community knowledge) to help improve evidence-informed decision-making; and 2. Developing new approaches to assessing the reliability and relevance of evidence to different decision-making contexts. Alec’s work helps to ensure that in the future, evidence-informed decision-making combines diverse sources of knowledge for decision-making, whilst making sure to assess the reliability and relevance of each piece of evidence so we can provide tailored recommendations to decision-makers based on their local context. Alec is also particularly interested in how the effectiveness of conservation interventions varies geographically, taxonomically, and socioeconomically, and whether we can predict this – i.e., how can we predict whether a conservation intervention is likely to work in a given local context?
A key and rewarding part of his work is co-designing and developing online tools to help practitioners in the field to determine the best conservation interventions for them to use in their local patch for a given issue using a structured evidence-based process. This has involved a fruitful collaboration with over a dozen different conservation organisations in the UK and abroad called ‘Evidence Champions’ that promote and deliver evidence-based conservation. Alec is continuing to work to create decision support and evidence assessment tools that combine different forms of evidence and knowledge to make better evidence-based decisions in conservation. He works within the Conservation Evidence project and was recently part of the team that won the Vice-Chancellor’s Award for Research Impact and Engagement 2023 for their work on transforming conservation through promoting and facilitating evidence-based practice and decision-making.
A newer element of Alec’s research focuses on Artificial Intelligence and whether machine learning can help to accelerate the evidence synthesis pipeline, translating scientific evidence into useful recommendations for practice and policy more quickly and rigorously. He is also working on applying AI to invasive species surveillance to see whether Open Source Intelligence can help us better stop biological invasions before they become too difficult to control. Overall, Alec’s work is tied together by the unifying theme of applying the patchy global evidence base to inform more effective, local conservation actions.
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Dementia is a topic of considerable public interest. How empirical evidence has contributed to this societal awareness and indeed fear will be covered in this talk. It will span research from the 1980s when not much was understood about dementia up to contemporary perspectives. The focus will be on the epidemiological and public health evidence base, and how this relates to the results published from clinical and lab based research. The findings from UK and other high income countries of reduced age specific prevalence (%) will be explored, and the implications of results from brain based studies that dementia is not inevitable in the presence of ‘alzheimer’ type changes. The role of inequalities, risk varying across countries and time and our knowledge about protective factors have strengthened during recent years, and the balance of high risk with whole population approaches to reducing risk for society will be considered.
The structural mechanics of shape-changing structures: from bending armadillos, self-deploying satellites, to roll-up displays.
Most structures, e.g. buildings & bridges, are designed to be near rigid when loaded: in view of high winds or heavy traffic, their movements are barely noticeable. Formally, they are stiff, strong and stable, in terms of their “structural mechanics” – the study of their loaded deformation. Large movements from material weakness, overloading, or bad design, typically portend failure & eventual collapse. Embracing large movements, i.e. deliberate changes in shape, can admit new behaviour if safe and reversible, to yield transformer-like technologies and simple explanations of biological morphology, for example. In this talk, I will describe several structural mechanics principles for making shape-changing structures, out of ordinary materials, complete with physical demonstrations.
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