Cosmic Waves

Society members' tour the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory in Cambridge.

Society members' in front of the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager Large Array at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (MRAO) in Cambridge.

Photo: Society members' in front of the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager Large Array at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (MRAO) in Cambridge.

Society members' enjoyed a visit to the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory in Cambridge, site to the discovery of pulsars in 1967. The site has a rich histroy, located a few miles south-west of Cambridge at Harlton on a former ordnance storage site, next to the disused Oxford-Cambridge Varsity railway line. 

The observatory is home to a number of large aperture synthesis radio telescopes, including the One-Mile Telescope, 5-km Ryle Telescope, and the Arcminute Microkelvin Imager. Radio interferometry started in the mid-1940s on the outskirts of Cambridge, but a few years after the construction of the MRAO transferred to the current site at Lord's Bridge.

The observatory was founded under Martin Ryle of the Radio-Astronomy Group of the Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge and was opened by Sir Edward Victor Appleton on 25 July 1957. This group is now known as the Cavendish Astrophysics Group. The site is at a former ordnance storage facility, next to the now-abandoned Cambridge-Bedford railway line. A portion of the track bed of the old line, running nearly East-West for several miles, was used to form the main part of the "5km" radio-telescope and the Cambridge Low Frequency Synthesis Telescope.

The Interplanetary Scintillation Array (also known as the IPS Array or Pulsar Array) is a radio telescope that was built in 1967 at the MRAO built by and operated by the Cavendish Astrophysics Group including Jocelyn Bell and Tony Hewish for detection of pulsars. The instrument originally covered 4 acres (16,000 m²). It was enlarged to 9 acres in 1978, and was refurbished in 1989. The IPS Array has more recently been used to track and help forecast interplanetary weather, and specifically to monitor the solar wind. It is now essentially retired, and has lost a significant fraction of its area, although it is still visible to visitors.

The Observatory is operated by the Cavendish Laboratory, supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council.

The site is also home to the 32 metre MERLIN (Multi-Element Radio Linked Interferometer Network) receiver,  an interferometer array of radio telescopes spread across England. The array is run from Jodrell Bank Observatory in Cheshire by the University of Manchester on behalf of STFC as a National Facility.

To join the Cambridge Philosophical Society visit our membership page here

The Arcminute Microkelvin Imager - Small Array (AMI-SA).

Photo: The Arcminute Microkelvin Imager - Small Array (AMI-SA).

Control room for the Half-Mile Telescope, which was constructed in 1968.

Photo: Control room for the Half-Mile Telescope, which was constructed in 1968.

The 1958 4C Array, the first telescope at the observatory, used to make the 4C catalogue.

Photo: The 1958 4C Array, the first telescope at the observatory, used to make the 4C catalogue.

Tagged with:

Share this article:

Themes

Publications

Discover our Journals & Books

From Darwin’s paper on evolution to the development of stem cell research, publications from the Society continue to shape the scientific landscape.

Membership

Join the Cambridge Philosophical Society

Become a Fellow of the Society and enjoy the benefits that membership brings. Membership costs £20 per year.

Join today

Upcoming Events

Show All

24

11

A Lot of Hot Air: volcanic degassing and its impact on our environment

Professor Marie Edmonds FRS

  • 18:00 - 19:00 Bristol-Myers Squibb Lecture Theatre, Cambridge Michaelmas Term Booking Recommended

Volcanoes are hazardous and beautiful manifestations of the dynamic processes that have shaped our planet. Volcanoes impact our environment in numerous ways. Over geological time volcanic activity has resurfaced the Earth and provided life with a terrestrial substrate upon which to proliferate. Volcanic degassing has shaped our secondary atmosphere and as part of the process of plate tectonics, maintained just the right amount of water and carbon dioxide at the surface to produce a stable and equitable climate. Magma in the subsurface in volcanic environments today gives Society geothermal energy. The fluids degassed from magmas in the plumbing systems of volcanoes give rise to hydrothermal ore deposits, the source of much of our copper and other metals, critical to the energy transition. In this lecture I will describe the nature and importance of magma degassing for our atmosphere and oceans, as a source of both pollutants and nutrients, and in the formation of mineral deposits. I will describe my own research in carrying out measurements of volcanic gases (using a range of spectroscopic methods, from the ground and using drones), and analysis of erupted lavas, to understand the chemistry and physics of volcanic outgassing and its role in sustaining our planetary environment.

View Details

02

02

Cars, aeroplanes, and quantum physics: Why complexity makes life simpler for the vibration engineer

Professor Robin Langley

  • 18:00 - 19:00 Bristol-Myers Squibb Lecture Theatre, Cambridge Lent Term G.I. Taylor Lecture Booking Recommended

One of the many outstanding achievements of G I Taylor was the discovery of relatively simple statistical laws that apply to highly complex turbulent flows.  The emergence of simple laws from complexity is well known in other branches of physics, for example the emergence of the laws of heat conduction from molecular dynamics.  Complexity can also arise at large scales, and the structural vibration of an aircraft or a car can be a surprisingly difficult phenomenon to analyse, partly because millions of degrees of freedom may be involved, and partly because the vibration can be extremely sensitive to small changes or imperfections in the system. In this talk it is shown that the prediction of vibration levels can be much simplified by the derivation and exploitation of emergent laws, analogous to some extent to the heat conduction equations, but with an added statistical aspect, as in turbulent flow. The emergent laws are discussed and their application to the design of aerospace, marine, and automotive structures is described.  As an aside it will be shown that the same emergent theory can be applied to a range of problems involving electromagnetic fields. 

View Details